Nusikaltimo tyrimo tipinių versijų problemos

Abstract

In a situation you do not operate many facts, especially at the initial stage of investigation, it is quite difficult to decide about it's (investigation) character - could we consider it being a crime, couldn't we? In this case, particularly important fact of crime and it's circumstances cognitive function performs typical versions, because only since the explanation of possible reasons of the fact of crime we can start investigation itself.
There were some attention in a criminalistic researches for typical versions, however, most of this problem's questions are still discussable, because there is no definition of typical versions, classification, their meaning, place in a system of criminalistic, clear theoretic base - ground, and it is a field for arising of scientific discussions. Every author typical versions describes and divines according their wish, in fact, often we can not see ant argumentation for this. I There is no any researches at all in Lithuanian criminalistic and literature of criminal procedures law regarding typical versions.
In this article we looked into theoretical problems of typical versions - definition, classification and possibilities of practical application of typical versions.
Author resumes the following conclusions:
1. The main features of typical versions are a) the arising of the case often starts from minimal facts about researchable case and it's circumstances; b) the content of typical versions consists of resume of criminal and other sciences results and dogmas.
2. Typical versions, it is resumed by criminalistic, mostly often faced at investigation of separate kinds of crime possibilities, which, according minimum facts about investigated fact explains possible reasons and mechanisms about criminal fact or separate it's circumstances.
3. From the criminalistic point of view more rational are dividing these versions according spread of investigating circumstances and character into: a) general b) separate and explicit typical versions of investigation. This classification is very important by theoretical and practical point of view. This classification much more defines general and different features of separate kinds of crime, their mutual connection, basic signs of crimes.
4. The systems of typical versions investigation can be composed by following:
− into object of crime: the personality of victim; peculiarities of the object of crime; place of dislocation; the character and measures of it's security.
− into objective part of crime; the way of committing a crime; the disguise of crime, if it isn't as a part of the way of committing a crime; the place and time of committing a crime;
− into individual of crime; it is important was the crime committed by one or group of persons, wasn't it? is it done for a first time or repeatable, isn't it? has the person knew victim well, hasn't he? was the crime committed by adult or not, wasn't it? was a crime-committer mentally sick, wasn’t he? and etc.