Lanksčių užimtumo formų taikymas Lietuvoje

Abstract

The article deals with various forms of flexible employment including possibility to choose one's activity or to choose not to work or to work part-time, to engage in flexi-time schemes or so called flexible working hours. Annualisation of working hours, volunteer jobs, self-employment, aid works and other forms of flexible employment are also covered. The article analyses Lithuanian employment legislation providing for or restricting the possibility to apply such forms of employment, as well as amendments to legislation and perspectives for its development. Comparative and logic methods were chosen as a basis for analysis. After surveying present situation, Lithuanian legislation and its relationship with socio-economic and demographic conditions, the conclusion can be drawn that legislative guarantees of work time regulation are not sufficient in order to promote part-time employment. Legal definition of flexible employment is lacking, there have been no agreements between social partners in respect to such employment forms, some of the present legislative provisions are not being implemented in practice. The author proposes to legally define status of those who work part-time, to provide for specific financial incentives (for example, tax reduction), establish the right to freely choose work time regime and change it, as well as the right to work at home. Legal grounds for performing volunteer jobs and self-employed jobs, as well as possibility to work under temporary employment contracts, legal status of such employees (their social insurance, holiday and absence leave payment) should be legally defined. It is proposed to encourage employers and employees to conclude collective agreements providing for part-time employment conditions at the level of enterprise or branch of industry.