Problems of Application of Necessity Regulations Arising due to the New Criminal Code Effect
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Abstract
A new Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania was passed on September 26, 2000. It notably changed the institute structure of circumstances that eliminate criminal responsibility and position in the system of other standards. These changes also touched the necessity, in which several new regulations appeared; this article is dedicated to one of them.
The article analyzes the problem of a person whose right to use the regulations of necessity is being limited. This regulation of necessity became very urgent after acceptance of the new Criminal Code.
In the beginning of the article, the author notes that the regulation of necessity for the first time appeared in Lithuanian Criminal Laws in January 16, 1919, when the Russian Criminal Statute of 1903 was admitted as a valid criminal law in the territory of Lithuania. However, in spite of such long history of the regulation of necessity being discussed, theoretical position for its application has not been formed in the criminal law of Lithuania. This issue was only mentioned in Literature dedicated to the problems of necessity without paying sufficient attention to it. Therefore, it can be clearly stated that this is the first research dedicated to this issue of necessity.
The author of the article suggests to call the person, whose right to use regulations of necessity is being limited, a special subject of necessity. The author also says that this regulation of necessity may be applied only in case of the special subject of necessity being inactive. The author, further on looking into the problem of special subject of necessity, discusses its relationship with the person fulfilling his professional duty (Article 30 of the CC of the Republic of Lithuania) and with the crime subject.
The article discusses opinions and arguments of various scientists of criminal law that stand as the basis for the issue discussed.
An attention is drawn on the formulation that provides special subject of necessity of Part 3 of Article 31 of Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania, which is little informative and in the author’s opinion is imperfect.
The author draws a conclusion while examining the problem of special necessity subject that a person will not be able to justify the unfulfilled duty by the regulations of necessity when his inaction corresponds to two regulations. Firstly, it is general requirement for criminal responsibility for inaction. Secondly, when the danger that appears because of fulfilling the duty is not going to excel the limits of his professional or other preparation. However, if inaction of special subject does not correspond to any of the conditions mentioned above, and there are other regulations of necessity in his activity, his inaction will be acknowledged as legal. Following these conditions, the author gives suggestions for amendment of Part 3 of Article 31 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania.
The article analyzes the problem of a person whose right to use the regulations of necessity is being limited. This regulation of necessity became very urgent after acceptance of the new Criminal Code.
In the beginning of the article, the author notes that the regulation of necessity for the first time appeared in Lithuanian Criminal Laws in January 16, 1919, when the Russian Criminal Statute of 1903 was admitted as a valid criminal law in the territory of Lithuania. However, in spite of such long history of the regulation of necessity being discussed, theoretical position for its application has not been formed in the criminal law of Lithuania. This issue was only mentioned in Literature dedicated to the problems of necessity without paying sufficient attention to it. Therefore, it can be clearly stated that this is the first research dedicated to this issue of necessity.
The author of the article suggests to call the person, whose right to use regulations of necessity is being limited, a special subject of necessity. The author also says that this regulation of necessity may be applied only in case of the special subject of necessity being inactive. The author, further on looking into the problem of special subject of necessity, discusses its relationship with the person fulfilling his professional duty (Article 30 of the CC of the Republic of Lithuania) and with the crime subject.
The article discusses opinions and arguments of various scientists of criminal law that stand as the basis for the issue discussed.
An attention is drawn on the formulation that provides special subject of necessity of Part 3 of Article 31 of Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania, which is little informative and in the author’s opinion is imperfect.
The author draws a conclusion while examining the problem of special necessity subject that a person will not be able to justify the unfulfilled duty by the regulations of necessity when his inaction corresponds to two regulations. Firstly, it is general requirement for criminal responsibility for inaction. Secondly, when the danger that appears because of fulfilling the duty is not going to excel the limits of his professional or other preparation. However, if inaction of special subject does not correspond to any of the conditions mentioned above, and there are other regulations of necessity in his activity, his inaction will be acknowledged as legal. Following these conditions, the author gives suggestions for amendment of Part 3 of Article 31 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania.
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Please see Copyright and Licence Agreement for further details.
