Kriminalistinės registracijos sistema Lietuvoje

Abstract

The criminal justice system is a disparate entity consisting of different personnel and practitioners playing different roles and representing different individual and organizational interest. The main objective in storing criminalistics records has always been to assist the smooth running of the criminal justice system. This was the historical reason for bringing criminalistic databases and other criminalistic records and collections into existence and remains the priority reason for their accumulation. In other words the main objective of criminalistic databases and collections is providing with information the investigation of crimes and other violations of law. The research considers the use of criminalistic databases and other records within criminal justice system and analyses the Lithuanian criminalistic databases and other criminalistic records. There are about 50 criminalistic databases, which is used in Lithuanian justice system. The Lithuanian criminalistic databases are separate and not unanimously coordinated; different departments rule these databases.
The research insists that a new unified national criminalistic information system should be created and held in computerized form on the police national information centre. The national unified criminalistic information system can ensure that investigators will be provided of reliable information as soon as possible. This new integrated system would combine all separate criminalistic databases, collections and records. The unified software and systematize electronic connection be used. The most progressive information recognition and research systems have be used. The unified national criminalistic information system will be created by these factors: the entire information system should be held on a single computerized system with unified software and systematize electronic connection; the new classification criterions of facts; the new system should permit searching on characteristics other than name in order to exploit the investigative potential of the records; the main objective is investigation of crimes and others violations of law.
The principal mission of the Lithuanian criminalistic information system has been to assist all officials and agencies of the criminal justice system in the fulfilment of their varied responsibilities on a state-wide basis by providing round-the-clock access to needed information. Lithuanian criminalistic information system consists of separate databases, which are ruled of different departments.
Retrieval and matching collection of data at the scene of crime is always incomplete and imprecise, and collected marks are often fragmentary, even if the investigation is careful and thorough. An object that caused a trace can evolve, and marks or prints can be distorted. The match between recorded data and collected evidence (in its digital form) is therefore generally only partial. A human operator must always interpret a limited set of possible solutions at the end of the chain.
As a consequence:
- New structures could be created to exchange of information across countries;
- New intelligence structures within the organizations could be created, with an important part dedicated to crime analysis;
- Structured and normalized methods of analysis of data could be developed.
For these purposes variety of computerized tools have been introduced (geographic information systems, meta-modelling of repositories, statistical analysis, qualitative management of data warehouses, etc.).
The all-existing separate criminalistic databases could be joined in unified national criminalistic information system, which have been ruled by the police department. The unified national criminalistic information system should be created and held in computerized form on the police national information centre. The unified national criminalistic information system has been created based on crime characteristic (corpus delicti), which include the object of attempt (victim), the crime subject (criminal), the crime situation and way of crime commitment. Investigator from beginning to the end will oversee every crime. The criminalistic information system has to provide the
information about similar crimes, which were committed before, have to connect the new crime with
already committed.
The existing criminalistic databases and collections will be subordinated to this system. The future of criminalistic information system is in computerization and more efficient storage. Data protection measures will be in constant tension with the accumulation and uses of police held information. System staff also has to take the lead in improvement of Lithuania criminal justice records. This effort includes creation of interfaces with local and state criminal justice systems and automated submission of data on arrests and dispositions to the centre. Automation linkages are being installed that will allow for real-time inquiry of relevant identification and criminal history data from other states. The centre‟s AFIS database also supports remote searching of fingerprints left by unknown suspects at the scene of crimes. The computer programmers and analysts will use their computers and databases to provide computerized investigative support to state and local law enforcement agencies. In a series of complex criminal investigations, the leads provided by criminalistic information system centre analysts have proven to be the keys to investigative and prosecutorial success.