Kriminalistinė nusikaltimų charakteristika – vienas iš kriminalinės justicijos informacinės sistemos modelio kūrimo pagrindų Lietuvoje

Abstract

The knowledge representation methods play an important role in solving decision-making problems for development of the advisory system in crime investigation processes.
The unified approach of integrating different data bases with knowledge for aiding advisory processes in relevant patterns recognition and crime investigation is proposed. A key part of this approach enforcement is to understand those activities, through the development and use of methods, models and tools for collecting and then interpreting the large volume of data available in real time for crime investigation. The ontological view based on object-oriented model helps us to reveal knowledge and examine main principles of the domain. Consequently the main principles of creating knowledge intensive framework have been developed, leading to recognition of a field of activity called crime analysis, which has been described as ‘the identification of and the provision of insight into the relationship between crime data and other potentially relevant data with a view to police and judicial practice’.
The all-existing separate criminalistic databases could be joined in unified national criminalistic information system, which have been ruled by the police department. The unified national criminalistic information system should be created and held in computerized form on the police national information centre. The unified national criminalistic information system has been created based on crime characteristic (corpus delicti), which include the object of attempt (victim), the crime subject (criminal), the crime situation and way of crime commitment. Investigator from beginning to the end will oversee every crime. The criminalistic information system has to provide the information about similar crimes, which were committed before, have to connect the new crime with already committed. The criminalistic database by crime characteristic parts:
1) Information about the object of attempt (victim): sex, age, ethnic group, shot appearance description, specific marks, sex orientation, nationality, citizenship, religion, education, additional skills, hobby, job, profession, family, friends, business connections, temperament, address, financial conditions, mental disease, social status, connection with criminal, previous conviction, belonging to gang, tracks in crime scene, tracks on victim, injuries and other.
2) Information about the crime subject (criminal): sex, age, ethnic group, shot appearance description, specific marks, sex orientation, nationality, citizenship, religion, education, additional skills, hobby, job, profession, family, friends, business connections, temperament, address, financial conditions, mental disease, social status, connection with victim, previous conviction, belonging to gang, tracks in crime scene, tracks on criminal, injuries, accomplices, behaviour at home, at work, traditions of life, transport and other.
3) Information about the way of crime commitment: preparation, crime instruments, crime measures, crime place, crime time, crime date, crime concealment, being of group and agreement, damage, the tracks of tools, transport and other.
4) Information about the crime situation: crime motive, crime purpose, the type of situation (provocative, conflict, accidental).
The existing criminalistic databases and collections will be subordinated to this system. The future of criminalistic information system is in computerization and more efficient storage. Data protection measures will be in constant tension with the accumulation and uses of police held information. System staff also has to take the lead in improvement of Lithuania criminal justice records. This effort includes creation of interfaces with local and state criminal justice systems and automated submission of data on arrests and dispositions to the centre.