CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES: COMPETITIVENESS AND PROSPECTS FOR COOPERATION AND INTEGRATION

Abstract

This article is devoted to analysis of economies of Central Asia in the post-Soviet period. Method of periodization allowed highlighting of stages of reforming economy, difficulties and problems of transition to the market. The authors used a systematic approach, a selection of necessary information, logical inferences. It is shown that the economic potential, the narrowness of sales markets of these countries are unattractive for investors. Population aging, youth unemployment and high migration complicate the socio-demographic situation. The national egoism of the business elite, which has grown stronger over the years of independence, exerts significant pressure on political power. Analysis of indicators of the global competitiveness of countries leads to the idea that national economies may show growth in the future. The region has a competitive advantage by reducing transport and logistics costs; a similar culture of consumption and customer demands; comparability of household income; greater demand for products within the region. Noting attempts integration of countries in the region the authors indicate intensifying contradictions and conflicts (ethnic enclaves, border problems, distribution and regulation of water resources, trade, customs barriers, etc.). An important result of the study is the identification of opportunities for regional cooperation, the format for expanding integration ties between them. Central Asian countries represent a single economic space and use of the entire range of relations from single agreements to international agreements will benefit the countries as a large region in the world market.